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The atmosphere visibility is obstructed by contaminants

Táchira urban disorganization reflects a still life in public eye
Improper disposal of overhead wires, trash, graffiti, advertising and the deterioration of commercial and residential buildings generate visual pollution in Tachira state

María José Aguilar
mjaguilar5@gmail.com

The lack of a planned urban development in Tachira generates a number of factors that alter the natural environment of the state, such as transportation, housing, provision of services like water and visual pollution that has produced a radical transformation, with the city of San Cristóbal one of the most affected by the presence of various contaminants mainly by advertising, and urban deterioration, which have developed enormously without any preventive organization.

Excess wiring on public utility poles, buildings with designs that do not control the linearity of the buildings where the facade of the urban fringes are disproportionate in terms of uniformity, as well as advertising, billboards, ads and banners of various sizes, colors, arranged on the sidewalks and green areas of the city, are some examples of visual pollution that persists within the urban area san cristobalense .

Plan to develop
Architect Experimental University of Táchira (UNET), Alfonso Arellano, said that "San Cristobal has a visual chaos for lack of a planned urban development, because it describes, identifies trying to organize, plan and provide transportation services, water, electricity, to order the location of activities in large cities. "

To Arellano, urban chaos immediately creates visual chaos, "because many areas are not developable and people build without thinking about the sort of town, crowded the area, which collapses all services, waste garbage, sewage, and cables in order to have light in their homes. There is no logic in urban mobility, "said Arellano.

The long-term urban planning promotes a structure in the cities that would foster the development of generally adapting the buildings, roads, and various services to the level of population growth, modernization and creating a vision of a metropolitan system suitable for coexistence among citizens.

From residential to commercial area
Arelys Méndez, Architect of the Experimental University of Táchira (UNET), said "Barrio Obrero sector is the biggest example of visual pollution that may exist, as it has a combination of all elements that pollute the landscape, especially the wiring that is most evident in the area, and the disordered structures at local houses. "

This reflects the move that gave Barrio Obrero a purely residential area to a shopping area mixed use, since there are daytime and evening activities, becoming a sector with vitality at all times, preventing the peace that is required for a residential-only area.

Therefore, there is excessive advertising, and the buildings at different levels, and electrical wiring bonded together. "There are people who build up to three stories making their homes in places, placing facades of different materials with warnings from the field they belong, is a natural industry transformation to a very fluid business," he said Méndez.

addition, according to Mendez, Plaza Los Mangos ceased to be a recreational, "his eye is not clear by political propaganda and the tip of the Church The Angel is at the same level as the poles and signs, and at night is illuminated Barrio Obrero for the ads of different sizes and colors found on the main streets. "

Legal measures
advertising laws or ordinances in St. Kitts provides govern the activities of commercial advertising and propaganda that are exercised permanently or temporarily in the city establishing the payment of taxes by their placement and permit application, but provides no guidelines to prevent visual pollution.

Architecture For the specialist, Arely Mendez, a recent case of a breach of the provision of advertising is evident in a well-known shopping center located on Highway Antonio José de Sucre from the Las Lomas, "each day has increased fences in that area, which the ordinance the distance between them should be at least 200 meters, and there are one after another with little separation, which is not required. "

In this regard, the Architect of the Ministry of Popular Power for the Environment-Táchira (MinAmb) Colmenárez Moses said, "is prohibited place advertising billboards Avenue opposite the shopping center is located on Barrancas sector, only authorized the placement on an avenue in which they are currently two miles of ground space with a separation between each hurdle of 76 m2 approximately, be an extra-urban area away from homes that do not cause a negative environmental impact. "

existing regulations dating from 1977 as the Zoning Ordinance Barrio Obrero, the Master Plan for San Cristobal from the years of 1983 and a Pan of Planning that has some legal practices, without specifying in detail the prevention of some environmental problems.

also Miguel Labrador, Town Planner at the Ministry of Popular Power for the Environment- Táchira (MinAmb), commented that "these legal instruments are very old, and a very generic, with the lack of clear objectives, targets and strategies by the need to modernize the city, and needs to be modified and adapted to the new needs. "

"Solutions spasmodic"
also to Labrador, Tachira and Venezuelans are generally used, "a spasmodic solutions, in which there is a need and solve it, but not see the need macro, the real problem, and create large projects, because what happens is not planned and budgets are not subject to development plans. "

meet to reach an adequate planning to avoid any contamination, "should be organized to meet the planning, manage the execution of that planning, and exercise control over her policies, aims to enable work year after year , ie there is continuity in all established governments, "said Labrador. Specifically

the visual pollution control by citizens is to place notices within their local areas with appropriate sizes, and even without bright lights and few, if events take the banners to spend 24 hours, and organize the communities by establishing parameters within the dwelling sector.

Beyond the Architect collaboration of city dwellers Arely Mendez, also believes that "should be regular and not eliminate advertising, setting standards but that meet other than a dead letter, and would also be desirable to use advertising in urban furniture such as bus stops and not the walls as graffiti or the middle of the sidewalk with the fence. "

To start a city planning in the city culture is due to a joint effort between government troops and ordinary society, beginning with the updated laws attaching here with the facts and monitor compliance, protecting environmental areas, and the elements fundamental natural for coexistence, and recognize that any contamination is not a problem for specialists, but of all. "It should be clear that we live and share this world with other people, who expect respect and whom we respect, that is civilization," the architect of the UNET, Alfonso Arellano.

Infographic: María José Aguilar / Source: Arely Mendez and Web Architect Institute of Civil and Environmental Protection, Chacao